The International Court of Justice (ICJ) in The Hague will hold its first hearings on Gambia’s genocide case against Myanmar on 10-12 December.
Gambia is asking the court to order provisional measures to protect the rights of ethnic Rohingya under the United Nations Genocide Convention, human rights watchdog Human Rights Watch said.
On 11 November, Gambia filed a case with the court alleging that Myanmar’s atrocities in its Rakhine state against Rohingya Muslims violate various provisions of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide.
On 20 November, Myanmar recognised being bound by the ICJ statute and announced that its de facto leader, Aung San Suu Kyi, would lead the delegation to “defend the national interests of Myanmar”.
“Myanmar’s government for the first time will have to defend the military’s atrocities against the Rohingya before an independent and impartial court,” said Param-Preet Singh, associate international justice director at Human Rights Watch. “The government’s longstanding denials of wrongdoing ensure that this legal process is especially significant for Rohingya victims and survivors.”
Human Rights Watch said Myanmar’s military has long committed atrocities against Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar, including murder, rape, and arson.
During its brutal ethnic cleansing campaign that began in August 2017, more than 740,000 Rohingya were forced to flee across the border to Bangladesh. These crimes have been thoroughly documented by the UN, the media, and human rights groups, including Human Rights Watch.
Gambia, a small West African country emerging from a brutal dictatorship, brought the case against Myanmar before the International Court of Justice with the backing of the 57 members of the Organisation for Islamic Cooperation.
It is the first time that a country without any direct connection to the crimes has relied on its membership in the Genocide Convention to bring a case before the world court.
After filing the case, Gambian Justice Minister Abubacarr Tambadou said that “the aim is to get Myanmar to account for its action against its own people: the Rohingya”.